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The inactive data which is physically stored in databases, spreadsheets, data warehouses, mobile devices and the like, can be referred to as ‘data at rest’ for example data residing in hospital database. The loss of such data might result in embarrassment, discrimination in the workplace or even the threat of physical danger for the persons concerned. From an information security viewpoint, data at rest is vulnerable and needs to be protected.
Public sector organisations should take the utmost care that sensitive data such as personal records is protected against brute force attacks with strong encryption for when basic authentication methods like username plus password fails.
Data which is transferred between two nodes in a network is ‘data in transit’. Examples of sensitive public sector data in transit might include confidential emails or video messages being transmitted from one computer to another, which could divulge government secrets; tax returns sent electronically which could result in theft; or even missile codes being sent from HQ to a nuclear submarine.
As a rule of thumb, organisations should assume that the network cannot be trusted. Consequently, all sensitive data must be protected with network encryption, supplemented by supplemented by SSL certificates, Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) and other precautions where relevant.
We can use the term ‘data in use’ to refer to that data which is being used in an in-memory state. Google Chrome, for example, loads up websites in-memory that it thinks you might like to look at next so that it operates more quickly. Government employees might keep classified web pages in-memory while browsing. Sensitive ‘data in use’ needs to be protected by application-level encryption and exposed on a need to know basis, encrypted as soon as possible and decrypted only when necessary. Such a selective approach to encryption can only be performed at the application level.
Extract From
When will the public sector grasp basic lessons on information security? by Ross Parsell
Innocent [at] HiPipo.com
Are you working on a minimal budget and need a high quality service for your internet, stress no more when Airtel internet is here for you.
I recently explored Airtel Uganda’s new internet offers and they are all amazingly cheap, flexible, coming with super fast 3.75G internet.
Airtel Mobile Broadband Internet gives you full Internet access and email on the move. You can instantly surf any website, download information, send and receive Email, access online Multimedia content (Photos, audios, videos) and Social Network with friends online platforms such as HiPipo.com, Facebook, YouTube, twitter.
With Airtel internet, you can only pay for the amount of data volumes you like to use for a specific period of time either on your phone or modem.
This fast undiscovered internet service allows you the chat on instant messaging applications like Skype , Yahoo Messenger, Google talk and hangouts , Windows Live and so much more.
You can now Web browse on your laptop or computer using any of Airtel modems or your phone handset for only 500 UGX!!!
From 500 UGX you can access rich multimedia content like videos, audios ringtones, wallpapers among other content. 500 UGX gives you 60 MB worth of super fast Airtel data.
Airtel Internet bundles are categorized in daily, weekly and month subscriptions. Daily bundles go for 60MB, 500shs, 600MB, 5k and 1GB – 10k.
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Have you used Airtel internet? Try it out today and let us know what you think about it in the comments section below.
As Published by Forbes, Here are five low-key, ultra-wealthy Ugandan tycoons, entrepreneurs and business leaders. Each of them is worth more than $50 million. There are no politicians or criminals here — just good, successful businessmen.
Sudhir Ruparelia
Source Real Estate
Born in Uganda, Ruparelia moved to the United Kingdom with his parent as the age of 16 after President Idi Amin expelled all Asians from the East African country. In the U.K, Ruparelia worked small jobs, returning to Uganda in 1985 with $25,000 in savings. With that he started a commodities trading business and Uganda’s first foreign exchange bureau. The business snowballed into the Ruparelia Group, Uganda’s largest privately held conglomerate. The group is said to be the single largest private property owner in Uganda and it employs over 6,000 people. Ruparelia also owns Crane Bank, the country’s fourth largest commercial bank, Goldstar Insurance, hotels, country clubs, and a chain of foreign exchange bureaus across the country. (Watch for a detailed feature on Sudhir Ruparelia in this year’s edition of Africa’s 40 Richest).
Patrick Bitature
Source: Mobile Phones, Hotels
Bitature is the founder and chairman of Simba Telecom, East Africa’s largest mobile phone retailer with over 100 modern retail outlets in Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya Telecom. The company is also the largest mobile phone airtime distributor in the region. Bitature owns Protea Hotels Kampala, a 5-star hotel located in the upmarket suburb of Kololo in Kampala. He is also chairs the Uganda Investment Authority and Umeme, an energy distribution firm which is gearing up for an IPO on the Uganda Stock Exchange.
Charles Mbire
Source: Investments
One of Uganda’s most revered boardroom gurus and investors, Mbire is one of the largest individual shareholders in mobile phone network giant MTN Uganda’s operations. His Bomi Holding Company owns a 15% stake in the lucrative Rift Valley Railways. (For perspective, Citadel Capital owns a 51% stake which it acquired last year for $287 million). He also owns stakes in and sits on the boards of Ecobank Uganda, Eskom Uganda and Invesco Uganda Limited.
Amiral Karmali
Source: Manufacturing
Amiral Karmali is the founder of East Africa’s Mukwano Group – an industrial conglomerate that manufactures cooking oils, fats, toilet soaps and cosmetics to industrial plastics and detergents. The group has annual revenues of over $230 million and most of the company’s products are market leaders. Karmali is also one of Uganda’s biggest landlords; he owns 17,000 acres of land in Uganda’s Masindi district.
Amos Nzeyi
Source: Banking, Beverages, Real Estate
Nzeyi is the chairman and owner of Crown Beverages, Uganda’s sole bottler ofPepsiCo products. He also owned a 40% stake in Uganda’s National Bank of Commerce before it was taken over by Ruparelia’s Crane Bank in September.
When the mobile payments revolution started in Kenya, little was known about the amount of money that telecoms could generate by offering financial services to the poor. A few years down the road, the figures started coming in showing that mobile financial services are extremely promising revenue streams.
In May 2012, financial statements from Safaricom indicated that M-PESA contributed 15.8% of Safaricom’s total revenue (compared to 12.5% the previous year), making it the company’s second largest revenue stream after voice. In addition, in Kenya M-PESA created direct employment for 50,000 people a number that banks may never match. These opportunities in revenue growth and employment creation are seen in the rest of Africa e.g in Uganda, where companies such as MTN Uganda and Airtel Uganda have introduced mobile financial services.
The economics of Mobile Financial Services have evolved to include revenues from Person to Person transactions, to Person to Business. Payment for utilities such as Water, Electricity and TV and other payments such as for School Fees are now increasingly being effected with mobile financial services. As a result over a short period of time, mobile financial services are becoming key drivers of Africa economies.
Mobile Financial Services represents the potential for an enormous leap forward in economic development. It helps include people previously in the shadow of the informal economy and increases government earnings that can fund social and economic development. It delivers access to formal financial services and brings the security and convenience of electronic payments to millions of people in developing countries, breaking the cash economics that often locks them into poverty. It can enable entire industries, creating jobs and revenue streams that didn’t exist a decade ago. (FORBES)
Across Africa, from Uganda to Kenya to South Africa and Nigeria, Telecoms are in a race to offer the best Internet speeds possible. Even as some are masquerading as offering 3.75G and other starting to talk 4G, there are some operators truly offering these great 3G speeds not just using the jargon for market hype. Long Term Evolution (LTE) considered a 4G technology has started setting ground on the continent with companies such as Vodacom testing LTE in some areas of South Africa. This is good for Internet in Africa and these High Internet Speeds are Sexy, if I may borrow a generation Y terminology for great appeal but affordability is critical and will be great if data services will be more affordable.
Speed alone is not enough to bring the massive social and economic benefit of internet to the Africa continent on wide scale. In Uganda until recently, telecom operators such as Orange Uganda, MTN Uganda possibly the first with true 3G networks have had data packages that arguably are still on the high side for the average Ugandan to consume Internet services. This is starting to change with the playing field seeing more operators such as Airtel Uganda and Warid Uganda offering 3G services. 3G and 4G very high speed technologies are good but they are not the ultimate thing to bring more Internet to more Africans. With many Africans having phones and modems that cannot make the best use of 3G speeds or 4G technologies like LTE, it remains that the other factor that is of great importance to internet access is affordability. Africans using feature phones or the current generation of modems should have more affordable data packages for internet to sink on the continent.
Very high speeds such as for LTE are good for the current few that can afford sexy iPhones and Samsung Galaxy SIIIs but if Africa really needs a big mobile internet market, among the issues to address, rocket fast speeds as some telecoms market them arguably comes second to affordability in importance. Network Operators, should nature the masses to consume more data service by prioritizing their efforts on lowering data costs and then they can boost of rocket fast speeds with pleasure.